This part of standard specifies the reference method for determining the nature and number of hidden insects in a sample of cereals or pulses. Its aim is to count all the individuals, at every stage of life, of every insect species that normally feeds and develops within cereals and pulses. The method is slow because it allows each insect to complete its developmental cycle and to emerge as an adult from the grain before it is removed. It can be used reliably for species that normally feed within grains, but not for species that occasionally feed in holes or cracks in grains. These may be shaken from the grains or be induced to leave them by the disturbance of handling at any stage of the life cycle and some are likely to be killed in the process. The numbers of such species will therefore be underestimated