This International Standard specifies display requirements for holdings statements at the summary level for serial and non-serial items, to promote consistency in the communication and exchange of holdings information. It is intended for use in reporting holdings when reporting is in display form. For machine-readable reporting not in display form, the data elements specified in this International Standard should be included, although their order, etc., may be different in the machine record. This International Standard identifies and defines the data elements for statements of holdings of serial and non-serial items at a summary level appropriate for listings of holdings in one or more libraries or institutions. It specifies the content and sequence of data elements within data areas and requirements for inclusion of data areas in the holdings statement. This International Standard requires that the holdings statement be linked to an identification of the item to which the statement pertains; however, the method of identifying the item is excluded from this International Standard. This International Standard applies to holdings statements for bibliographic items in any physical medium. This International Standard does not specify the way in which the data elements should be represented in a machine-readable data format, nor the medium (media) employed for storage, display, or transfer of the holdings statements. The guidelines are independent of cataloguing rule systems.